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目录
(1)抓取今日头条街拍图片
(2)分析今日头条街拍图片结构
- keyword: 街拍
- pd: atlas
- dvpf: pc
- aid: 4916
- page_num: 1
- search_json: {"from_search_id":"20220104115420010212192151532E8188","origin_keyword":"街拍","image_keyword":"街拍"}
- rawJSON: 1
- search_id: 202201041159040101501341671A4749C4
复制代码- 可以找到规律,page_num从1开始累加,其他参数不变
复制代码 (3)按功能不同编写不同方法组织代码
获取网页json格式数据- def get_page(page_num):
- global headers
- headers = {
- 'Host': 'so.toutiao.com',
- #'Referer': 'https://so.toutiao.com/search?keyword=%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D&pd=atlas&dvpf=pc&aid=4916&page_num=0&search_json={%22from_search_id%22:%22202112272022060101510440283EE83D67%22,%22origin_keyword%22:%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22,%22image_keyword%22:%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22}',
- 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36',
- 'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
- 'Cookie': 'msToken=S0DFBkZ9hmyLOGYd3_QjhhXgrm38qTyOITnkNb0t_oavfbVxuYV1JZ0tT5hLgswSfmZLFD6c2lONm_5TomUQXVXjen7CIxM2AGwbhHRYKjhg; _S_DPR=1.5; _S_IPAD=0; MONITOR_WEB_ID=7046351002275317255; ttwid=1%7C0YdWalNdIiSpIk3CvvHwV25U8drq3QAj08E8QOApXhs%7C1640607595%7C720e971d353416921df127996ed708931b4ae28a0a8691a5466347697e581ce8; _S_WIN_WH=262_623'
- }
- params = {
- 'keyword': '街拍',
- 'pd': 'atlas',
- 'dvpf': 'pc',
- 'aid': '4916',
- 'page_num': page_num,
- 'search_json': '%7B%22from_search_id%22%3A%22202112272022060101510440283EE83D67%22%2C%22origin_keyword%22%3A%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22%2C%22image_keyword%22%3A%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22%7D',
- 'rawJSON': 1,
- 'search_id': '2021122721183101015104402851E3883D'
- }
- url = 'https://so.toutiao.com/search?' + urlencode(params)
- print(url)
- try:
- response=requests.get(url,headers=headers,params=params)
- if response.status_code == 200:
- #if response.content:
- #print(response.json())
- return response.json()
- except requests.ConnectionError:
- return None
复制代码 从json格式数据提取街拍图片- def get_images(json):
- images = json.get('rawData').get('data')
- for image in images:
- link = image.get('img_url')
- yield link
复制代码 将街拍图片以其md5码命名并保存图片
实现一个保存图片的方法 save_image(),其中 item 就是前面 get_images() 方法返回的一个字典。在该方法中,首先根据 item 的 title 来创建文件夹,然后请求这个图片链接,获取图片的二进制数据,以二进制的形式写入文件。图片的名称可以使用其内容的 MD5 值,这样可以去除重复。相关代码如下:- def save_image(link):
- data = requests.get(link).content
- with open(f'./image/{md5(data).hexdigest()}.jpg', 'wb')as f:#使用data的md5码作为图片名
- f.write(data)
复制代码 main()调用其他函数- def main(page_num):
- json = get_page(page_num)
- for link in get_images(json):
- #print(link)
- save_image(link)
复制代码 (4)抓取20page今日头条街拍图片数据
这里定义了分页的起始页数和终止页数,分别为 GROUP_START 和 GROUP_END,还利用了多线程的线程池,调用其 map() 方法实现多线程下载。- if __name__ == '__main__':
- GROUP_START = 1
- GROUP_END = 20
- pool = Pool()
- groups = ([x for x in range(GROUP_START, GROUP_END + 1)])
- #print(groups)
- pool.map(main, groups)
- pool.close()
- pool.join()
复制代码- import requestsfrom urllib.parse import urlencodefrom hashlib import md5from multiprocessing.pool import Pooldef get_page(page_num):
- global headers
- headers = {
- 'Host': 'so.toutiao.com',
- #'Referer': 'https://so.toutiao.com/search?keyword=%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D&pd=atlas&dvpf=pc&aid=4916&page_num=0&search_json={%22from_search_id%22:%22202112272022060101510440283EE83D67%22,%22origin_keyword%22:%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22,%22image_keyword%22:%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22}',
- 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/86.0.4240.198 Safari/537.36',
- 'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest',
- 'Cookie': 'msToken=S0DFBkZ9hmyLOGYd3_QjhhXgrm38qTyOITnkNb0t_oavfbVxuYV1JZ0tT5hLgswSfmZLFD6c2lONm_5TomUQXVXjen7CIxM2AGwbhHRYKjhg; _S_DPR=1.5; _S_IPAD=0; MONITOR_WEB_ID=7046351002275317255; ttwid=1%7C0YdWalNdIiSpIk3CvvHwV25U8drq3QAj08E8QOApXhs%7C1640607595%7C720e971d353416921df127996ed708931b4ae28a0a8691a5466347697e581ce8; _S_WIN_WH=262_623'
- }
- params = {
- 'keyword': '街拍',
- 'pd': 'atlas',
- 'dvpf': 'pc',
- 'aid': '4916',
- 'page_num': page_num,
- 'search_json': '%7B%22from_search_id%22%3A%22202112272022060101510440283EE83D67%22%2C%22origin_keyword%22%3A%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22%2C%22image_keyword%22%3A%22%E8%A1%97%E6%8B%8D%22%7D',
- 'rawJSON': 1,
- 'search_id': '2021122721183101015104402851E3883D'
- }
- url = 'https://so.toutiao.com/search?' + urlencode(params)
- print(url)
- try:
- response=requests.get(url,headers=headers,params=params)
- if response.status_code == 200:
- #if response.content:
- #print(response.json())
- return response.json()
- except requests.ConnectionError:
- return Nonedef get_images(json):
- images = json.get('rawData').get('data')
- for image in images:
- link = image.get('img_url')
- yield linkdef save_image(link):
- data = requests.get(link).content
- with open(f'./image/{md5(data).hexdigest()}.jpg', 'wb')as f:#使用data的md5码作为图片名
- f.write(data)def main(page_num):
- json = get_page(page_num)
- for link in get_images(json):
- #print(link)
- save_image(link)if __name__ == '__main__':
- GROUP_START = 1
- GROUP_END = 20
- pool = Pool()
- groups = ([x for x in range(GROUP_START, GROUP_END + 1)])
- #print(groups)
- pool.map(main, groups)
- pool.close()
- pool.join()
复制代码
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